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Exodus 11

The bargaining is over. The LORD tells Moses there will be one final blow, after which Pharaoh won't just release Israel — he'll drive them out. First, though, Israel is told to ask their Egyptian neighbors for silver, gold, and jewelry. Watch the strange status of Moses here: verse 3 notes he had become "very great" in Egypt, respected by Pharaoh's own officials even as he announces ruin. Then comes the warning about the firstborn at midnight, delivered in white-hot fury.

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Exodus 11 (WEB)
  1. 1

    The LORD said to Moses, “I will bring yet one more plague on Pharaoh, and on Egypt; afterwards he will let you go. When he lets you go, he will surely thrust you out altogether.

  2. 2

    Speak now in the ears of the people, and let every man ask of his neighbor, and every woman of her neighbor, jewels of silver, and jewels of gold.”

  3. 3

    The LORD gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover, the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh’s servants, and in the sight of the people.

  4. 4

    Moses said, “This is what the LORD says: ‘About midnight I will go out into the middle of Egypt,

  5. 5

    and all the firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the female servant who is behind the mill, and all the firstborn of livestock.

  6. 6

    There will be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there has not been, nor will be any more.

  7. 7

    But against any of the children of Israel a dog won’t even bark or move its tongue, against man or animal, that you may know that the LORD makes a distinction between the Egyptians and Israel.

  8. 8

    All these servants of yours will come down to me, and bow down themselves to me, saying, “Get out, with all the people who follow you;” and after that I will go out.’” He went out from Pharaoh in hot anger.

  9. 9

    The LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh won’t listen to you, that my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

  10. 10

    Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go out of his land.

A threat spoken, not yet carried out

Chapter 11 is the announcement, not the event. The death of the firstborn is foretold here — from Pharaoh's heir to the servant girl at the mill — but it actually falls in chapter 12. This gap lets the narrative pause on the distinction God draws: against Israel "a dog won't even bark."

Moses leaves Pharaoh "in hot anger," the only time his own temper is named in these exchanges. The chapter closes by repeating that Pharaoh's heart was hardened, framing the coming Passover as the climax everything has built toward.

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