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Exodus 1
The bridge from Genesis: seventy of Jacob's household have become a nation, Joseph and his whole generation die, and a new king who never knew Joseph reads their numbers as a threat. Forced labor on Pithom and Raamses follows, then the order to kill newborn boys. Watch how fear drives the policy — the harder the Egyptians press, the more Israel multiplies, which only deepens their dread. The chapter names ordinary resisters before it names any deliverer.
- 1
Now these are the names of the sons of Israel, who came into Egypt (every man and his household came with Jacob):
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Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah,
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Issachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin,
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Dan and Naphtali, Gad and Asher.
- 5
All the souls who came out of Jacob’s body were seventy souls, and Joseph was in Egypt already.
- 6
Joseph died, as did all his brothers, and all that generation.
- 7
The children of Israel were fruitful, and increased abundantly, and multiplied, and grew exceedingly mighty; and the land was filled with them.
- 8
Now there arose a new king over Egypt, who didn’t know Joseph.
- 9
He said to his people, “Behold, the people of the children of Israel are more and mightier than we.
- 10
Come, let’s deal wisely with them, lest they multiply, and it happen that when any war breaks out, they also join themselves to our enemies and fight against us, and escape out of the land.”
- 11
Therefore they set taskmasters over them to afflict them with their burdens. They built storage cities for Pharaoh: Pithom and Raamses.
- 12
But the more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and the more they spread out. They started to dread the children of Israel.
- 13
The Egyptians ruthlessly made the children of Israel serve,
- 14
and they made their lives bitter with hard service in mortar and in brick, and in all kinds of service in the field, all their service, in which they ruthlessly made them serve.
- 15
The king of Egypt spoke to the Hebrew midwives, of whom the name of the one was Shiphrah, and the name of the other Puah,
- 16
and he said, “When you perform the duty of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them on the birth stool, if it is a son, then you shall kill him; but if it is a daughter, then she shall live.”
- 17
But the midwives feared God, and didn’t do what the king of Egypt commanded them, but saved the baby boys alive.
- 18
The king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said to them, “Why have you done this thing and saved the boys alive?”
- 19
The midwives said to Pharaoh, “Because the Hebrew women aren’t like the Egyptian women; for they are vigorous and give birth before the midwife comes to them.”
- 20
God dealt well with the midwives, and the people multiplied, and grew very mighty.
- 21
Because the midwives feared God, he gave them families.
- 22
Pharaoh commanded all his people, saying, “You shall cast every son who is born into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.”
- 1
Ora, estes são os nomes dos filhos de Israel que foram para o Egito (cada homem e sua família foram com Jacó):
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Rúben, Simeão, Levi e Judá,
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Issacar, Zebulom e Benjamim,
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Dã e Naftali, Gade e Aser.
- 5
Todas as almas que saíram do corpo de Jacó eram setenta almas, e José já estava no Egito.
- 6
José morreu, assim como todos os seus irmãos e toda aquela geração.
- 7
Os filhos de Israel foram frutíferos, aumentaram abundantemente, multiplicaram-se e tornaram-se extremamente poderosos; e a terra se encheu deles.
- 8
Ora, levantou-se um novo rei sobre o Egito, que não conhecia a José.
- 9
Ele disse ao seu povo: “Eis que, o povo dos filhos de Israel é mais numeroso e mais poderoso do que nós.
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Venham, vamos agir com sabedoria para com eles, para que não se multipliquem e aconteça que, se estourar alguma guerra, eles também se juntem aos nossos inimigos, lutem contra nós e escapem da terra.”
- 11
Portanto, colocaram sobre eles feitores para afligi-los com seus fardos. Eles construíram cidades-armazéns para o Faraó: Pitom e Ramsés.
- 12
Mas quanto mais os afligiam, mais eles se multiplicavam e mais se espalhavam. Eles começaram a ter pavor dos filhos de Israel.
- 13
Os egípcios forçaram os filhos de Israel a servir com crueldade,
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e tornaram suas vidas amargas com o duro serviço em argamassa e em tijolos, e em todos os tipos de serviço no campo, todo o seu serviço, no qual os forçaram a servir com crueldade.
- 15
O rei do Egito falou com as parteiras hebréias, das quais o nome de uma era Sifrá, e o nome da outra, Puá,
- 16
e ele disse: “Quando vocês fizerem o trabalho de parteira para as mulheres hebréias e as virem na cadeira de parto, se for um filho, então vocês o matarão; mas se for uma filha, então ela viverá.”
- 17
Mas as parteiras temeram a Deus, e não fizeram o que o rei do Egito lhes ordenou, mas deixaram os meninos vivos.
- 18
O rei do Egito chamou as parteiras e lhes disse: “Por que vocês fizeram isso e deixaram os meninos vivos?”
- 19
As parteiras disseram ao Faraó: “Porque as mulheres hebréias não são como as mulheres egípcias; pois elas são vigorosas e dão à luz antes que a parteira chegue a elas.”
- 20
Deus tratou bem as parteiras, e o povo se multiplicou e se tornou muito poderoso.
- 21
Como as parteiras temeram a Deus, ele lhes constituiu famílias.
- 22
O Faraó ordenou a todo o seu povo, dizendo: “Vocês lançarão no rio todo filho que nascer, e deixarão viva toda filha.”
The midwives who outwit Pharaoh
Shiphrah and Puah are the first to refuse the king, and the narrative gives them names while leaving the most powerful man in Egypt anonymous. They fear God rather than the throne and quietly let the boys live.
Their excuse to Pharaoh — that Hebrew women give birth before a midwife arrives — buys time, and God gives them households of their own. The escalation to drowning in the river (v. 22) sets up the basket of chapter 2.
Context layers
Keep these closed by default and open them only when you want more context.
- Genesis 2:18Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- Psalms 68:6Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- Psalms 25:16Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- John 14:18Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- John 16:32Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- Hebrews 13:5Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- Genesis 12:17Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
- Genesis 16:11Related through the topic "Loneliness in the Bible".
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