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John 19
Pilate scourges Jesus and tries three times to release him; the soldiers crown him with thorns, and Pilate presents him with "Behold, the man!" (v. 5). The crowd's "We have no king but Caesar" (v. 15) finally forces the verdict, and Jesus is led to Golgotha. The crucifixion is told through small fulfilled details: the trilingual title, the seamless tunic cast for by lot, the unbroken legs, the pierced side from which blood and water flow.
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So Pilate then took Jesus and flogged him.
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The soldiers twisted thorns into a crown and put it on his head, and dressed him in a purple garment.
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They kept saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and they kept slapping him.
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Then Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I bring him out to you, that you may know that I find no basis for a charge against him.”
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Jesus therefore came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple garment. Pilate said to them, “Behold, the man!”
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When therefore the chief priests and the officers saw him, they shouted, saying, “Crucify! Crucify!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no basis for a charge against him.”
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The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God.”
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When therefore Pilate heard this saying, he was more afraid.
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He entered into the Praetorium again, and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave him no answer.
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Pilate therefore said to him, “Aren’t you speaking to me? Don’t you know that I have power to release you and have power to crucify you?”
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Jesus answered, “You would have no power at all against me, unless it were given to you from above. Therefore he who delivered me to you has greater sin.”
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At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, “If you release this man, you aren’t Caesar’s friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!”
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When Pilate therefore heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called “The Pavement”, but in Hebrew, “Gabbatha.”
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Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Behold, your King!”
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They cried out, “Away with him! Away with him! Crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar!”
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So then he delivered him to them to be crucified. So they took Jesus and led him away.
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He went out, bearing his cross, to the place called “The Place of a Skull”, which is called in Hebrew, “Golgotha”,
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where they crucified him, and with him two others, on either side one, and Jesus in the middle.
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Pilate wrote a title also, and put it on the cross. There was written, “JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS.”
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Therefore many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek.
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The chief priests of the Jews therefore said to Pilate, “Don’t write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘he said, “I am King of the Jews.”’”
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Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”
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Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also the tunic. Now the tunic was without seam, woven from the top throughout.
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Then they said to one another, “Let’s not tear it, but cast lots for it to decide whose it will be,” that the Scripture might be fulfilled, which says, “They parted my garments among them. They cast lots for my clothing.” Therefore the soldiers did these things.
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But standing by Jesus’ cross were his mother, his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.
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Therefore when Jesus saw his mother, and the disciple whom he loved standing there, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son!”
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Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” From that hour, the disciple took her to his own home.
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After this, Jesus, seeing that all things were now finished, that the Scripture might be fulfilled, said, “I am thirsty!”
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Now a vessel full of vinegar was set there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on hyssop, and held it at his mouth.
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When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished!” Then he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
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Therefore the Jews, because it was the Preparation Day, so that the bodies wouldn’t remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a special one), asked of Pilate that their legs might be broken and that they might be taken away.
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Therefore the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with him;
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but when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they didn’t break his legs.
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However, one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out.
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He who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true. He knows that he tells the truth, that you may believe.
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For these things happened that the Scripture might be fulfilled, “A bone of him will not be broken.”
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Again another Scripture says, “They will look on him whom they pierced.”
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After these things, Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, asked of Pilate that he might take away Jesus’ body. Pilate gave him permission. He came therefore and took away his body.
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Nicodemus, who at first came to Jesus by night, also came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred Roman pounds.
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So they took Jesus’ body, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury.
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Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden. In the garden was a new tomb in which no man had ever yet been laid.
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Then, because of the Jews’ Preparation Day (for the tomb was near at hand), they laid Jesus there.
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Então Pilatos tomou a Jesus e o açoitou.
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Os soldados teceram uma coroa de espinhos, puseram-na sobre a sua cabeça e o vestiram com um manto de púrpura.
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Eles diziam: “Salve, Rei dos Judeus!” e davam-lhe bofetadas.
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Então Pilatos saiu outra vez e disse-lhes: “Eis que eu o trago para fora a vocês, para que saibam que não encontro nele base para acusação.”
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Jesus, pois, saiu, usando a coroa de espinhos e o manto de púrpura. Pilatos disse-lhes: “Eis o homem!”
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Quando, pois, os principais sacerdotes e os guardas o viram, gritaram, dizendo: “Crucifica-o! Crucifica-o!” Pilatos disse-lhes: “Tomem-no vocês mesmos e crucifiquem-no, pois eu não encontro nele base para acusação.”
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Os judeus lhe responderam: “Nós temos uma lei, e segundo a nossa lei ele deve morrer, porque se fez o Filho de Deus.”
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Quando, pois, Pilatos ouviu esta palavra, teve ainda mais medo.
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Ele entrou novamente no Pretório e disse a Jesus: “De onde você é?” Mas Jesus não lhe deu resposta.
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Pilatos, pois, disse-lhe: “Você não fala comigo? Não sabe que tenho poder para soltá-lo e poder para crucificá-lo?”
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Jesus respondeu: “Você não teria poder algum contra mim, se não lhe fosse dado do alto. Portanto, aquele que me entregou a você tem maior pecado.”
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A partir disso, Pilatos procurava soltá-lo, mas os judeus gritavam, dizendo: “Se você soltar este homem, não é amigo de César! Todo aquele que se faz rei fala contra César!”
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Quando Pilatos, pois, ouviu estas palavras, trouxe Jesus para fora e sentou-se no tribunal, em um lugar chamado “O Pavimento”, mas em hebraico, “Gábata”.
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Ora, era o Dia da Preparação da Páscoa, por volta da sexta hora. Ele disse aos judeus: “Eis o seu Rei!”
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Eles gritaram: “Fora com ele! Fora com ele! Crucifica-o!” Pilatos disse-lhes: “Devo crucificar o seu Rei?” Os principais sacerdotes responderam: “Não temos rei senão César!”
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Então ele o entregou a eles para ser crucificado. Assim, eles tomaram a Jesus e o levaram.
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Ele saiu, carregando a sua cruz, para o lugar chamado “Lugar da Caveira”, que em hebraico é chamado “Gólgota”,
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onde o crucificaram, e com ele outros dois, um de cada lado, e Jesus no meio.
- 19
Pilatos escreveu também um título e o colocou na cruz. Nele estava escrito: “JESUS DE NAZARÉ, O REI DOS JUDEUS”.
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Muitos dos judeus, pois, leram este título, porque o lugar onde Jesus foi crucificado era perto da cidade; e estava escrito em hebraico, em latim e em grego.
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Os principais sacerdotes dos judeus, pois, disseram a Pilatos: “Não escreva: ‘O Rei dos Judeus’, mas: ‘ele disse: “Eu sou o Rei dos Judeus”’.”
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Pilatos respondeu: “O que escrevi, escrevi.”
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Então os soldados, quando crucificaram a Jesus, tomaram as suas vestes e fizeram quatro partes, uma parte para cada soldado; e também a túnica. Ora, a túnica era sem costura, tecida de alto a baixo.
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Então disseram uns aos outros: “Não a rasguemos, mas lancemos sortes sobre ela para decidir de quem será”, para que a Escritura se cumprisse, que diz: “Repartiram entre si as minhas vestes. Lançaram sortes sobre a minha roupa.” Portanto, os soldados fizeram estas coisas.
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Mas, junto à cruz de Jesus, estavam em pé sua mãe, a irmã de sua mãe, Maria, mulher de Clopas, e Maria Madalena.
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Quando Jesus, pois, viu sua mãe e o discípulo a quem ele amava em pé ali, disse a sua mãe: “Mulher, eis aí o seu filho!”
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Depois disse ao discípulo: “Eis aí a sua mãe!” E daquela hora em diante, o discípulo a levou para a sua própria casa.
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Depois disso, Jesus, vendo que todas as coisas já estavam consumadas, para que a Escritura se cumprisse, disse: “Tenho sede!”
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Ora, estava ali um vaso cheio de vinagre; então colocaram uma esponja cheia de vinagre em uma haste de hissopo, e a chegaram à sua boca.
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Quando Jesus, pois, recebeu o vinagre, disse: “Está consumado!” Então ele inclinou a cabeça e entregou o seu espírito.
- 31
Portanto, os judeus, por ser o Dia da Preparação, para que os corpos não permanecessem na cruz no sábado (pois aquele sábado era um dia especial), pediram a Pilatos que as pernas deles fossem quebradas e que fossem retirados.
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Portanto, os soldados vieram e quebraram as pernas do primeiro e do outro que foi crucificado com ele;
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mas quando chegaram a Jesus e viram que ele já estava morto, não lhe quebraram as pernas.
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No entanto, um dos soldados perfurou o seu lado com uma lança, e imediatamente saiu sangue e água.
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Aquele que viu testificou, e o seu testemunho é verdadeiro. Ele sabe que diz a verdade, para que vocês creiam.
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Pois estas coisas aconteceram para que a Escritura se cumprisse: “Nenhum dos seus ossos será quebrado.”
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E novamente outra Escritura diz: “Olharão para aquele a quem traspassaram.”
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Depois destas coisas, José de Arimateia, sendo discípulo de Jesus, mas secretamente por medo dos judeus, pediu a Pilatos que pudesse levar o corpo de Jesus. Pilatos lhe deu permissão. Ele veio, pois, e levou o seu corpo.
- 39
Nicodemos, que no princípio tinha ido a Jesus de noite, também veio trazendo uma mistura de mirra e aloés, cerca de cem libras romanas.
- 40
Então tomaram o corpo de Jesus e o envolveram em panos de linho com as especiarias, como é o costume dos judeus sepultar.
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Ora, no lugar onde ele foi crucificado havia um jardim. No jardim havia um sepulcro novo, no qual nenhum homem jamais havia sido colocado.
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Então, por causa do Dia da Preparação dos judeus (pois o sepulcro ficava perto), eles colocaram Jesus ali.
"It is finished"
John ties each detail to Scripture being fulfilled — the divided garments (v. 24), the bone left unbroken (v. 36), the one they pierced (v. 37). Even Jesus' "I am thirsty" (v. 28) is framed as completing what was written.
From the cross he entrusts his mother to the beloved disciple (v. 26-27), then says "It is finished" (v. 30). Joseph of Arimathaea and Nicodemus, both once secret, bury him in a new garden tomb.
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